Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACT: A case study is presented of the promotion by the Catholic Church of agricultural service cooperatives, called peasant shops, in a rural Honduran municipality. The purpose of this paper is then to identify factors which determine their success. Three external factors were identified: the justification for the organizations being provided by a local social agent; access to training and on‐going follow‐up; and access to commercial transactions with economies of scale. The following main internal factors were: the participation of local leaders in positions of trust within the organization of the social agent; high member contributions, with a view to securing high member responsibility; and high interest rates on member contributions to attract high member contributions.

The main resource for a country's endogenous growth is its human and cultural capital. Universities play a very important, but not the only, role in maintaining and building this resource. Universities are institutions situated amongst strong and changing forces. They are caught between government, market and academia. In many institutions, this has led to a strengthening of the executive leadership at the expense of the influence of collegial bodies, and external (to the institution) members have been introduced into the governing bodies. This development has resulted in diminished state control, and more flexible and autonomous systems, but also to expanded reporting and accounting, which often in reality limit freedom and are perceived as control. Will academic creativity thrive within this reality? How would research universities evolve? This article claims that today's university development starts out from Wilhelm von Humboldt's universe but will play out in that of his brother Alexander's.

In an article in the November 1999 issue of this journal, Meier, Wrinkle, & Polinard reach the tantalizing conclusion that increases in the representation of minority teachers in the public school bureaucracy actually enhance the academic achievement of both minority & Anglo groups of students. However, diagnostic & statistical tests on their data suggest that their analysis may suffer from specification, selection, & categorization limitations. When corrections for these problems are introduced into the analysis, the results that are the basis for the Meier, Wrinkle, & Polinard conclusions change significantly, thereby undermining our confidence in the validity of their claims. 3 Tables, 3 Figures, 14 References. Adapted from the source document.

In response to academic ideals of neutrality, complexity and cultural relativism promoted in postmodern cultural critique, different attempts have been made to make anthropology more "engaged" in the promotion of social change. In this article, we discuss three contemporary positions on anthropological engagement: policy-oriented activist research, feminist inspired collaborative research, and what we have chosen to call research for alterity and alternatives. Each of these approaches engage with the concepts of community and participation, two terms which require cautiousness and critical scrutiny, we argue. While each approach to anthropological engagement is valuable in its own right, their application requires careful consideration and knowledge about the contemporary political climate, which in many places is characterized by growing segregation and antagonism between different groups and communities.

The use of rangelands administered by agencies of the federal government by domestic livestock has been an issue associated with controversy for many years. One of these issues that has surfaced periodically has been the fees charged livestockmen who use lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and Forest Service (FS). This issue became politically "hot" in 1977 and 1978. This controversy became intense enough that Congress established a fee formula as part of the Public Rangelands Improvement Act (PRIA) of 1978. Congress directed that this formula be used during a seven-year trial period. It was further stipulated that this time would allow the Secretaries of Agriculture and Interior to refine data needed to determine the value of forage taken from federal lands by domestic livestock and to compare this to the value of forage available from pri vate lands. A final report was to be submitted to Congress by March of 1985 that outlined the values that were to be estimated. Several study reports have been prepared as part of this evaluation (see the bibliography of this report).